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Journal of Turbomachinery | Volume 140 | Issue 6 | research-article
Research Papers

Experimental and Numerical Study of Honeycomb Tip on Suppressing Tip Leakage Flow in Turbine Cascade

[+] Author and Article Information
Yunfeng Fu

School of Energy Science and Engineering,
Harbin Institute of Technology,
P.O. Box 458, 92 West Dazhi Street,
Nan Gang District,
Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
e-mail: Leefyyf@163.com

Fu Chen

School of Energy Science and Engineering,
Harbin Institute of Technology,
P.O. Box 458, 92 West Dazhi Street,
Nan Gang District,
Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
e-mail: chenfu@hit.edu.cn

Huaping Liu

School of Energy Science and Engineering,
Harbin Institute of Technology,
P.O. Box 458, 92 West Dazhi Street,
Nan Gang District,
Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
e-mail: hgdlhp@163.com

Yanping Song

School of Energy Science and Engineering,
Harbin Institute of Technology,
P.O. Box 458, 92 West Dazhi Street,
Nan Gang District,
Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
e-mail: songyanping@hit.edu.cn

1Corresponding author.

Contributed by the Heat Transfer Division of ASME for publication in the JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY. Manuscript received November 20, 2017; final manuscript received January 3, 2018; published online April 30, 2018. Editor: Kenneth Hall.

J. Turbomach 140(6), 061006 (Apr 30, 2018) (10 pages) Paper No: TURBO-17-1217; doi: 10.1115/1.4039049 History: Received November 20, 2017; Revised January 03, 2018
Article
References
Figures
Tables

In this paper, the effect of a novel honeycomb tip on suppressing tip leakage flow in turbine cascade has been experimentally and numerically studied. Compared to the flat tip cascade with 1%H blade height, the relative leakage flow in honeycomb tip cascade reduces from 3.05% to 2.73%, and the loss also decreases by 8.24%. For honeycomb tip, a number of small vortices are rolled up in the regular hexagonal honeycomb cavities to dissipate the kinetic energy of the clearance flow, and the fluid flowing into and out the cavities create aerodynamic interceptions to the upper clearance flow. As a result, the flow resistance in the clearance increased and the velocity of leakage flow reduced. As the gap height increases, the tip leakage flow and loss changes proportionally, but the growth rate in the honeycomb tip cascade is smaller. Considering its wear resistance of the honeycomb seal, a smaller gap height is allowed in the cascade with honeycomb tip, and that means honeycomb tip has better effect on suppressing leakage flow. Part honeycomb tip structure also retains the effect of suppressing leakage flow. It shows that locally convex honeycomb tip has better suppressing leakage flow effect than the whole honeycomb tip, but locally concave honeycomb tip is slightly less effective.
Copyright © 2018 by ASME
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References

1
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2
Rao, N. M. , and Camci, C. , 2004, “Axial Turbine Tip Desensitization by Injection From a Tip Trench—Part 1: Effect of Injection Mass Flow Rat,” ASME Paper No. GT2004-53256.
3
Rao, N. M. , and Camci, C. , “Axial Turbine Tip Desensitization by Injection From a Tip Trench—Part 2: Leakage Flow Sensitivity to Injection Location,” ASME Paper No. GT2004-53258.
4
Bunker, R. S. , 2006, “Axial Turbine Blade Tips: Function, Design, and Durability,” AIAA J. Propul. Power, 22(2), pp. 271–285. [CrossRef]
5
Lee, S. W. , Cheon, J. H. , and Zhang, Q. , 2014, “The Effect of Full Coverage Winglets on Tip Leakage Aerodynamics Over the Plan Tip in a Turbine Cascade,” Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow, 45(5), pp. 23–32. [CrossRef]
6
Wang, D. L. , Sao, F. Y. , Guo, H. Y. , and Wang, W. M. , 2014, “Study of Tip Winglets on Leakage Flow in a Transonic Turbine Stage,” J. Propul. Tech., 35(3), pp. 341–346.
7
Liu, Y. , Zhang, L. Z. , Zhang, M. , and Zhang, M. C. , 2016, “Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Aerodynamic Performance for a Straight Turbine Cascade With a Novel Partial Shroud,” ASME J. Fluids Eng., 138(3), p. 031206. [CrossRef]
8
Yang, D. L. , and Feng, Z. P. , 2008, “Effect of Squealer Geometry Arrangements on Tip Leakage Flow and Heat Transfer for Turbine Blade,” J. Xi'an Jiaotong Univ., 42(5), pp. 537–541.
9
Li, J. , Sun, H. , and Feng, Z. P. , 2011, “Numerical Investigation on the Steady and Unsteady Leakage Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Rotor Blade Squealer,” J. Therm. Sci., 20(4), pp. 304–311. [CrossRef]
10
Zhou, C. , and Hodson, H. , 2012, “Squealer Geometry Effects on Aerothermal Performance of Tip-Leakage Flow of Cavity Tips,” AIAA J. Propul. Power, 28(3), pp. 556–567. [CrossRef]
11
Lee, S. E. , Lee, S. W. , and Kwak, H. S. , 2011, “Tip Leakage Aerodynamics Over Stepped Squealer Tips in a Turbine Cascade,” Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci., 35(1), pp. 135–145. [CrossRef]
12
Gao, J. , and Zheng, Q. , 2013, “Effect of Squealer Tip Geometry on Rotor Blade Aerodynamic Performance,” Acta Aeronaut. Astronaut. Sin., 34(2), pp. 218–226.
13
Volino, R. J. , 2016, “Control of Tip Leakage in a High Pressure Turbine Cascade Using Tip Blowing,” ASME Paper No. GT2016-56511.
14
Schabowski, Z. , and Hodson, H. , 2007, “The Reduction of Over Tip Leakage Loss in Unshrouded Axial Turbines Using Wing-Lets and Squealers,” ASME Paper No. GT2007-27623.
15
Zhou, C. , and Hodson, H. , 2011, “The Tip Leakage Flow of an Unshrouded High Pressure Turbine Blade With Tip Cooling,” ASME J. Turbomach., 133(4), p. 041028. [CrossRef]
16
Gao, J. , Zheng, Q. , and Li, Y. J. , 2012, “Effect of Labyrinth-Honeycomb Seal of Shrouded Rotor Blades on the Aerodynamic Performance of the Turbine Stage,” J. Aero. Power, 27(1), pp. 160–168.
17
Fu, Y. F. , Chen, F. , Chen, C. , and Song, Y. P. , 2016, “Numerical Study of the Effect of Honeycomb Tip on Tip Leakage Flow in Turbine Cascade,” ASME Paper No. GT2016-56907.
18
Behr, T. , 2007, “Control of Rotor Tip Leakage and Secondary Flow by Casing Air Injection in Unshrouded Axial Turbines,” Ph.D. thesis, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland.

Figures

Grahic Jump Location
Fig. 8

Vorticity isosurface for case A (CFD): (a) 0%H gap height and (b) 1%H gap height

+Vorticity isosurface for case A (CFD): (a) 0%H gap height and (b) 1%H gap height
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Vorticity isosurface for case A (CFD): (a) 0%H gap height and (b) 1%H gap height
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Fig. 7

Calculation grids

+Calculation grids
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Calculation grids
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Fig. 6

Distribution of measuring points (a) blade surface, (b) cascade exit, and (c) endwall

+Distribution of measuring points (a) blade surface, (b) cascade exit, and (c) endwall
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Distribution of measuring points (a) blade surface, (b) cascade exit, and (c) endwall
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Fig. 5

Honeycomb tip structures

+Honeycomb tip structures
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Honeycomb tip structures
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Fig. 4

Linear turbine cascade

+Linear turbine cascade
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Linear turbine cascade
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Fig. 15

Static pressure coefficient distribution along blade surface: (a) midspan and (b) tip

+Static pressure coefficient distribution along blade surface: (a) midspan and (b) tip
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Static pressure coefficient distribution along blade surface: (a) midspan and (b) tip
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Fig. 16

Secondary flow streamline in tip region (CFD): (a) 35%Cax, (b) 65%Cax, (c) 80%Cax, and (d) 99%Cax

+Secondary flow streamline in tip region (CFD): (a) 35%Cax, (b) 65%Cax, (c) 80%Cax, and (d) 99%Cax
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Secondary flow streamline in tip region (CFD): (a) 35%Cax, (b) 65%Cax, (c) 80%Cax, and (d) 99%Cax
Grahic Jump Location
Fig. 3

Various structures of blade tip: (a) flat tip, (b) honeycomb tip, (c) locally concave honeycomb tip, and (d) locally convex honeycomb tip

+Various structures of blade tip: (a) flat tip, (b) honeycomb tip, (c) locally concave honeycomb tip, and (d) locally convex honeycomb tip
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Various structures of blade tip: (a) flat tip, (b) honeycomb tip, (c) locally concave honeycomb tip, and (d) locally convex honeycomb tip
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Fig. 2

Schematic of honeycomb tip

+Schematic of honeycomb tip
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Schematic of honeycomb tip
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Fig. 19

Variation of leakage flow rate with gap height (CFD)

+Variation of leakage flow rate with gap height (CFD)
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Variation of leakage flow rate with gap height (CFD)
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Fig. 1

Schematic of blade profile

+Schematic of blade profile
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Schematic of blade profile
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Fig. 9

Oil flow visualization of flat tip cascade (EXP): (a) 0%H gap height and (b) 1%H gap height

+Oil flow visualization of flat tip cascade (EXP): (a) 0%H gap height and (b) 1%H gap height
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Oil flow visualization of flat tip cascade (EXP): (a) 0%H gap height and (b) 1%H gap height
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Fig. 10

Distribution of energy loss coefficient and secondary flow streamline at 110%Cax (EXP): (a) 0%H gap height and (b) 1%H gap height

+Distribution of energy loss coefficient and secondary flow streamline at 110%Cax (EXP): (a) 0%H gap height and (b) 1%H gap height
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Distribution of energy loss coefficient and secondary flow streamline at 110%Cax (EXP): (a) 0%H gap height and (b) 1%H gap height
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Fig. 11

Three-dimensional streamline in blade tip region (CFD): (a) case A and (b) case B

+Three-dimensional streamline in blade tip region (CFD): (a) case A and (b) case B
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Three-dimensional streamline in blade tip region (CFD): (a) case A and (b) case B
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Fig. 23

Energy loss coefficient distribution at cascade exit (EXP): (a) case A, (b) case B, (c) case C, and (d) case D

+Energy loss coefficient distribution at cascade exit (EXP): (a) case A, (b) case B, (c) case C, and (d) case D
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Energy loss coefficient distribution at cascade exit (EXP): (a) case A, (b) case B, (c) case C, and (d) case D
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Fig. 12

Radial distribution of velocity on either side of the clearance (CFD): (a) pressure side and (b) suction side

+Radial distribution of velocity on either side of the clearance (CFD): (a) pressure side and (b) suction side
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Radial distribution of velocity on either side of the clearance (CFD): (a) pressure side and (b) suction side
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Fig. 13

Contours of static pressure coefficient on endwall (EXP): (a) case A and (b) case B

+Contours of static pressure coefficient on endwall (EXP): (a) case A and (b) case B
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Contours of static pressure coefficient on endwall (EXP): (a) case A and (b) case B
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Fig. 14

Contours of static pressure coefficient on endwall (CFD): (a) case A and (b) case B

+Contours of static pressure coefficient on endwall (CFD): (a) case A and (b) case B
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Contours of static pressure coefficient on endwall (CFD): (a) case A and (b) case B
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Fig. 17

Energy loss coefficient distribution at cascade exit of 110%Cax (EXP): (a) case A and (b) case B

+Energy loss coefficient distribution at cascade exit of 110%Cax (EXP): (a) case A and (b) case B
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Energy loss coefficient distribution at cascade exit of 110%Cax (EXP): (a) case A and (b) case B
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Fig. 18

Energy loss coefficient distribution at cascade exit of 130%Cax (EXP): (a) case A (b) case B

+Energy loss coefficient distribution at cascade exit of 130%Cax (EXP): (a) case A (b) case B
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Energy loss coefficient distribution at cascade exit of 130%Cax (EXP): (a) case A (b) case B
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Fig. 20

Variation of energy loss coefficient at exit with gap height (EXP)

+Variation of energy loss coefficient at exit with gap height (EXP)
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Variation of energy loss coefficient at exit with gap height (EXP)
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Fig. 21

Exit energy loss coefficient (EXP): (a) case A and (b) case B

+Exit energy loss coefficient (EXP): (a) case A and (b) case B
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Exit energy loss coefficient (EXP): (a) case A and (b) case B
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Fig. 22

Comparison of leakage flow and exit loss

+Comparison of leakage flow and exit loss
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Comparison of leakage flow and exit loss

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