... and adherence problems. TBCs also tend to spall due to thermal expansion mismatch with the super alloy substrate or because of erosion/impact caused by particles in the high-velocity combustion gases. Functionally graded materials (FGMs) are a relatively new class of materials that can solve these problems...

... Functionally graded materials (FGMs) are used in turbo-machinery blades due to its advantage of delamination and debonding free structure and ability to withstand high temperature during operation. As these aero-engine blade works in high temperature condition therefore use of ceramic FGM in the outer surface...

... Abstract Functionally graded materials (FGMs) are widely used in engineering applications for the advantages offered by the properties of materials in combination. It is a special type of composite material which is inhomogeneous (micro-scopically). Laser cutting offers advantages while cutting...

... (FGM) with SBES turbulence. A turbulent premixed propane/air flame (φ = 0.57) is stabilized in the turbulent mixing layer (Re H = 22, 100) formed at the rearward-facing step. The results obtained show a good agreement with the experimental data for velocity, temperature and species mass fractions...

... Abstract In this paper, the turbulent jet diffusion flame stabilized behind a bluff body (HM1) is simulated using the Flamelet Generated Manifold (FGM) model. Interactions between turbulence and chemistry are detailed in this paper. In HM1 flame, ignition mainly occurs in the outer shear layer...