When synthetic natural gas (SNG) is produced from coal and used as a fuel in the internal reforming molten carbonate fuel cell (ir-MCFC), electric efficiency can be no greater than 31%. This is because there are several exothermic reactions in the processes of converting coal to SNG, so that a maximum 64% of coal's energy is converted into SNG energy. This results in a lower efficiency than when the ir-MCFC with the electric efficiency of 48% is fueled by natural gas (NG). To increase electric efficiency with SNG, it is necessary to recover the exothermic heat generated from the processes of converting coal to SNG as steam, which can then be used in a steam turbine. When steam produced in the gasification, water gas shift (WGS), and methanation processes is used in a steam turbine, the gross electric efficiency will become 41%. If the steam and auxiliary power for CO2 capture process is consumed more, the net efficiency will be 27%. Use of additional steam from the exhausted gas of fuel cell can increase the total net efficiency to 49%.
Issue Section:
Research Papers
Keywords:
Efficiency,
Elastic behavior,
Energy conversion ,
Energy extraction of energy from its natural resource,
Fuel Cells,
Fuel cells,
Gasification Heat transfer,
GD&,
Tolerance modeling,
Moltern carbonate fuel cells,
Multi-Photon Polymerization,
Energy systems
Topics:
Coal,
Molten carbonate fuel cells,
Fuel gasification,
Heat,
Water,
Steam,
Heat recovery,
Fuel cells
References
1.
Brandon
, N.
, and Thompsett
, D.
, eds., 2005
, Fuel Cells Compendium
, Elsevier
, New York
.2.
McPhail
, S.
, Moreno
, A.
, and Bove
, R.
, “International Status of Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell (MCFC) Technology, Report Ricerca Sistema Elettrico/2009/181, Accordo di Programma Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico—ENEA
,” Last accessed Mar. 25, 2016, http://www.enea.it/it/Ricerca_sviluppo/documenti/ricerca-di-sistema-elettrico/cell-a-combustibile/rse181.pdf/view3.
Seo
, H.-K.
, Park
, S.
, Lee
, J.
, Kim
, M.
, Chung
, S.-W.
, Chung
, J.-H.
, and Kim
, K.
, 2011
, “Effect of Operating Factors in the Coal Gasification Reaction
,” Korean J. Chem. Eng.
, 28
(9
), pp. 1851
–1858
.4.
Yun
, Y.
, and Yoo
, Y. D.
, 2001
, “Performance of a Pilot-Scale Gasifier for Indonesian Baiduri Coal
,” Korean J. Chem. Eng.
, 18
(5
), pp. 679
–685
.5.
NETL, 2011, “Cost and Performance Baseline for Fossil Energy Plants Volume 2: Coal to Synthetic Natural Gas and Ammonia,” National Energy Technology Laboratory, Washington, DC, accessed Mar. 25,
2016
, https://www.netl.doe.gov/File%20Library/Research/Energy%20Analysis/Coal/SNGAmmonia_FR_20110706.pdf6.
Carapellucci
, R.
, Saia
, R.
, and Giordano
, L.
, 2014
, “Study of Gas-Steam Combined Cycle Power Plants Integrated With MCFC for Carbon Dioxide Capture
,” Energy Procedia
, 45
, pp. 1155
–1164
.7.
Mirita
, H.
, Yoshiba
, F.
, Woudstra
, N.
, Hemmes
, K.
, and Spliethoff
, H.
, 2004
, “Feasibility Study of Wood Biomass Gasification/Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Power System-Comparative Characterization of Fuel Cell and Gas Turbine Systems
,” J. Power Sources
, 138
(1–2), pp. 31
–40
.8.
Toonssen
, R.
, Sallai
, S.
, Aravind
, P. V.
, Woudstra
, N.
, and Verkooijen
, A. H. M.
, 2011
, “Alternative System Design of Biomass Gasification SOFC/GT Hybrid Systems
,” J. Hydrogen Energy
, 36
(16
), pp. 10414
–10425
.9.
Asimptote, 2016, “cycle-tempo Documentation,” Delft, The Netherlands, accessed Mar. 25, 2016, http://www.asimptote.nl/software/cycle-tempo/cycle-tempo-documentation/
10.
Morita
, H.
, Komoda
, M.
, Mugikura
, Y.
, Izaki
, Y.
, Watanabe
, T.
, Masuda
, Y.
, and Matsuyama
, T.
, 2002
, “Performance Analysis of Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Using a Li/Na Electrolyte
,” J. Power Sources
, 112
(2
), pp. 509
–518
.11.
Woudstra
, N.
, van der Stelt
, T. P.
, and Hemmes
, K.
, 2006
, “The Thermodynamic Evaluation and Optimization of Fuel Cell Systems
,” ASME J. Fuel Cell Sci. Technol.
, 3
(2
), pp. 155
–164
.12.
Ahmeda
, S.
, Aitani
, A.
, Rahman
, F.
, Al-Dawood
, A.
, and Al-Muhaish
, F.
, 2009
, “Decomposition of Hydrocarbon to Hydrogen and Carbon
,” Appl. Catal. A
, 359
(1–2), pp. 1
–24
.13.
Katikaneni
, S.
, Yuh
, C.
, Abens
, S.
, and Farooque
, M.
, 2002
, “The Direct Carbonate Fuel Cell Technology: Advances in Multi-Fuel Processing and Internal Reforming
,” Catal. Today
, 77
(1–2
), pp. 99
–106
.14.
Breeze
, P.
, 2014
, Power Generation Technologies
, 2nd ed., Newnes
, Oxford, UK
.15.
Jansen
, D.
, and Mozaffarian
, M.
, 1997
, “Advanced Fuel Cell Energy Conversion Systems
,” Energy Convers. Manage.
38
(10–13
), pp. 957
–967
.16.
Haldor Topsøe, 2009
, “Sulphur Resistant/Sour Water-Gas Shift Catalyst
,” Haldor Topsøe A/S, Lyngby, Denmark, accessed Mar. 25, 2016, http://www.topsoefuelcell.com/business_areas/gasification_based/Processes/~/media/PDF%20files/SSK/topsoe_SSK%20brochure_aug09.ashx17.
UOP Honeywell, 2010, “UOP SelexolTM Technology for Acid Gas Removal,” UOP, Des Plaines, IL, accessed Mar. 25, 2016, http://www.uop.com/?document=uop-selexol-technology-for-acid-gas-removal&download=1
18.
Selman
, J. R.
, Uchida
, I.
, Wendt
, H.
, Shores
, D. A.
, and Fuller
, T. F.
, eds., 1997, Carbonate Fuel Cell Technology IV
, The Electrochemical Society
, Pennington, NJ
.19.
Holdor Topsøe, 2009
, “From Solid Fuels to Substitute Natural Gas (SNG) Using TREMP TM
,” Haldor Topsøe A/S, Lyngby, Denmark, accessed Mar. 25, 2016, http://www.topsoefuelcell.com/business_areas/gasification_based/Processes/~/media/PDF%20files/SNG/Topsoe_TREMP.ashx20.
NETL, 2013, “Cost and Performance Baseline for Fossil Energy Plants Volume 1: Bituminous Coal and Natural Gas to Electricity,” National Energy Technology Laboratory, Washington, DC, accessed Mar. 25, 2016, http://www.netl.doe.gov/File%20Library/Research/Energy%20Analysis/OE/BitBase_FinRep_Rev2a-3_20130919_1.pdf
Copyright © 2016 by ASME
You do not currently have access to this content.
