...Sergey T. Surzhikov To design space vehicles aimed for returning payloads from a geostationary orbit, the Moon and other large or small planets of Solar system, a knowledge of the total (convective and radiative) heating from an environment is required. It is well known that the radiative heat load...

... in the Flight Loads Laboratory, at NASA’s Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, CA. Thanks are due to Dr. M. Rodon and the Flight Loads Laboratory staff. 30 10 2008 07 04 2009 01 12 2009 01 12 2009 blackbody radiation calibration heat transfer space vehicles temperature...

... by considering a layer of ablative material called Avcoat. The thermophysical properties of zirconium boride and Avcoat are taken from Ref. 13 21 04 2006 17 12 2006 space vehicles thermal resistance compressible flow computational fluid dynamics ablation tri diagonal matrix...

... received May 23, 2002. Associate Editor: B. T. F. Chung. 20 December 2001 23 May 2002 11 09 2002 optimisation space vehicles heat radiation integro-differential equations Finned Surfaces Heat Transfer Radiation Radiating extended surfaces are widely used...