Design of U-Shaped Bellows Considering Low-Cycle Fatigue

The elastoplastic analysis for shells of revolution is applied to the problem of the U-shaped bellows subjected to completely reversed cyclic axial force. Use of these results together with the Manson-Coffin law yields a design formula for the prediction of low-cycle fatigue life of the bellows. Comparison is made between some of the available experimental results and the proposed formula.