We analyze Singapore global horizontal irradiance (GHI) measurements and propose a clear sky GHI model for equatorial regions. The empirical formulation simplifies the atmosphere radiative transfer to a single exponential term. The results are benchmarked using locally collected data. Two applications of the clear sky model are briefly discussed.
Issue Section:
Technical Brief
References
1.
Ineichen
, P.
, 2008
, “A Broadband Simplified Version of the Solis Clear Sky Model
,” Sol. Energy
, 82
, pp. 758
–762
.10.1016/j.solener.2008.02.0092.
Haurwitz
, B.
, 1945
, “Insolation in Relation to Cloudiness and Cloud Density
,” J. Meteorol.
, 2
, pp. 154
–164
.10.1175/1520-0469(1945)002<0154:IIRTCA>2.0.CO;23.
Haurwitz
, B.
, 1946
, “Insolation in Relation to Cloud Type
,” J. Meteorol.
, 3
, pp. 123
–124
.10.1175/1520-0469(1946)003<0123:IIRTCT>2.0.CO;24.
Ianetz
, A.
, and Kudish
, A.
, 2008
, “A Method for Determining the Solar Global and Defining the Diffuse and Beam Irradiation on a Clear Day
,” Modeling Solar Radiation at the Earth's Surface
, V.
Badescu
, ed., Springer-Verlag
, Berlin
, pp. 93
–113
.5.
Kasten
, F.
, and Czeplak
, G.
, 1980
, “Solar and Terrestrial Radiation Dependent on the Amount and Type of Clouds
,” Sol. Energy
, 24
, pp. 177
–189
.10.1016/0038-092X(80)90391-66.
Robledo
, L.
, and Soler
, A.
, 2000
, “Luminous Efficacy of Global Solar Radiation for Clear Skies
,” Energy Convers. Manage.
, 41
, pp. 1769
–1779
.10.1016/S0196-8904(00)00019-47.
Bird
, R. E.
, and Hulstrom
, R. L.
, 1980
, “Direct Isolation Models
,” Technical Report No. SERI/TR-335-344.8.
Ineichen
, P.
, and Perez
, R.
, 2002
, “A New Air Mass Independent Formulation for the Linke Turbidity Coefficient
,” Sol. Energy
, 73
, pp. 151
–157
.10.1016/S0038-092X(02)00045-29.
Gueymard
, C.
, 1989
, “A Two-Band Model for the Calculation of Clear Sky Solar Irradiance, Illuminance and Photosynthetically Active Radiation at the Earth Surface
,” Sol. Energy
, 43
, pp. 252
–265
.10.1016/0038-092X(89)90113-810.
Yang
, K.
, Huang
, G. W.
, and Tamai
, N.
, 2001
, “A Hybrid Model for Estimating Global Solar Radiation
,” Sol. Energy
, 70
, pp. 13
–22
.10.1016/S0038-092X(00)00121-311.
Badescu
, V.
, 1997
, “Verification of Some Very Simple Clear and Cloudy Sky Models to Evaluate Global Solar Irradiance
,” Sol. Energy
, 61
, pp. 251
–264
.10.1016/S0038-092X(97)00057-112.
Ineichen
, P.
, 2006
, “Comparison of Eight Clear Sky Broadband Models Against 16 Independent Data Banks
,” Sol. Energy
, 80
, pp. 468
–478
.10.1016/j.solener.2005.04.01813.
Ianetz
, A.
, Lyubansky
, V.
, Setter
, I.
, Kriheli
, B.
, Evseev
, E. G.
, and Kudish
, A. I.
, 2007
, “Intercomparison of Different Models for Estimating Clear Sky Solar Global Radiation for the Negev Region of Israel
,” Energy Convers. Manage.
, 48
, pp. 259
–268
.10.1016/j.enconman.2006.04.00614.
Lefèvre
, M.
, Oumbe
, A.
, Blanc
, P.
, Espinar
, B.
, Gschwind
, B.
, Qu
, Z.
, Wald
, L.,
Schroedter-Homscheidt
, M.
, Hoyer-Klick
, C.
, Arola
, A.
, Benedetti
, A.
, Kaiser
, J. W.
, and Morcrette
, J.-J.
, 2013
, “Mcclear: A New Model Estimating Downwelling Solar Radiation at Ground Level in Clear-Sky Conditions
,” Atmos. Meas. Tech.
, 6
(9
), pp. 2403
–2418
.10.5194/amt-6-2403-201315.
Yang
, D.
, Dong
, Z.
, Reindl
, T.
, Jirutitijaroen
, P.
, and Walsh
, W. M.
, 2014
, “Solar Irradiance Forecasting Using Spatio-Temporal Empirical Kriging and Vector Autoregressive Models With Parameter Shrinkage
,” Sol. Energy
(in press).16.
Dong
, Z.
, Yang
, D.
, Reindl
, T.
, and Walsh
, W. M.
, 2014
, “Satellite Image Analysis and a Hybrid ESSS/ANN Model to Forecast Solar Irradiance in the Tropics
,” Energy Convers. Manage.
, 79
, pp. 66
–73
.10.1016/j.enconman.2013.11.04317.
Yang
, D.
, Gu
, C.
, Dong
, Z.
, Jirutitijaroen
, P.
, Chen
, N.
, and Walsh
, W. M.
, 2013
, “Solar Irradiance Forecasting Using Spatial-Temporal Covariance structures and Time-Forward Kriging
,” Renewable Energy
, 60
, pp. 235
–245
.10.1016/j.renene.2013.05.03018.
Yang
, D.
, Dong
, Z.
, Nobre
, A.
, Khoo
, Y. S.
, Jirutitijaroen
, P.
, and Walsh
, W. M.
, 2013
, “Evaluation of Transposition and Decomposition Models for Converting Global Solar Irradiance From Tilted Surface to Horizontal in Tropical Regions
,” Sol. Energy
, 97
, pp. 369
–387
.10.1016/j.solener.2013.08.03319.
Janjai
, S.
, Sricharoen
, K.
, and Pattarapanitchai
, S.
, 2011
, “Semi-Empirical Models for the Estimation of Clear Sky Solar Global and Direct Normal Irradiances in the Tropics
,” Appl. Energy
, 88
, pp. 4749
–4755
.10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.06.02120.
Gueymard
, C
., 2009
, “Monthly Average Clear-Sky Broadband Irradiance Database for Worldwide Solar Heat Gain and Building Cooling Load Calculations
,” Sol. Energy
, 83
, pp. 1998
–2018
.10.1016/j.solener.2009.07.01121.
Gueymard
, C. A.
, 2012
, “Clear-Sky Irradiance Predictions for Solar Resource Mapping and Large-Scale Applications: Improved Validation Methodology and Detailed Performance Analysis of 18 Broadband Radiative Models
,” Sol. Energy
, 86
(8
), pp. 2145
–2169
.10.1016/j.solener.2011.11.01122.
Perez
, R.
, Ineichen
, P.
, Seals
, R.
, Michalsky
, J.
, and Stewart
, R.
, 1990
, “Modeling Daylight Availability and Irradiance Components From Direct and Global Irradiance
,” Sol. Energy
, 44
(5
), pp. 271
–289
.10.1016/0038-092X(90)90055-H23.
Pattanasethanon
, S.
, Lertsatitthanakorn
, C.
, Atthajariyakul
, S.
, and Soponronnarit
, S.
, 2007
, “All Sky Modeling Daylight Availability and Illuminance/Irradiance on Horizontal Plane for Mahasarakham, Thailand
,” Energy Convers. Manage.
, 48
(5
), pp. 1601
–1614
.10.1016/j.enconman.2006.11.01224.
Perez
, R.
, Seals
, R.
, and Michalsky
, J.
, 1993
, “All-Weather Model for Sky Luminance Distribution, Preliminary Configuration and Validation
,” Sol. Energy
, 50
(3
), pp. 235
–245
.10.1016/0038-092X(93)90017-I25.
Lave
, M.
, and Kleissl
, J.
, 2010
, “Solar Variability of Four Sites Across the State of Colorado
,” Renewable Energy
, 35
, pp. 2867
–2873
.10.1016/j.renene.2010.05.01326.
Box
, G. E. P.
, Jenkins
, G. M.
, and Reinsel
, G. C.
, 1994
, Time Series Analysis: Forecasting and Control
, Prentice Hall, Inc.
, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey
.27.
Dong
, Z.
, Yang
, D.
, Reindl
, T.
, and Walsh
, W. M.
, 2013
, “Short-Term Solar Irradiance Forecasting Using Exponential Smoothing State Space Model
,” Energy
, 55
, pp. 1104
–1113
.10.1016/j.energy.2013.04.02728.
Yang
, D.
, Jirutitijaroen
, P.
, and Walsh
, W. M.
, 2012
, “Hourly Solar Irradiance Time Series Forecasting Using Cloud Cover Index
,” Sol. Energy
, 86
(12
), pp. 3531
–3543
.10.1016/j.solener.2012.07.02929.
Wu
, J.
, and Chan
, C. K.
, 2011
, “Prediction of Hourly Solar Radiation Using a Novel Hybrid Model of ARMA and TDNN
,” Sol. Energy
, 85
, pp. 808
–817
.10.1016/j.solener.2011.01.01330.
Dickey
, D. A.
, and Fuller
, W. A.
, 1981
, “Likelihood Ratio Statistics for Autoregressive Time Series With a Unit Root
,” Econometrica
, 49
, pp. 1057
–1072
.10.2307/191251731.
Haslett
, J.
, and Raftery
, A. E.
, 1989
, “Space-Time Modelling With Long-Memory Dependence: Assessing Ireland's Wind Power Resource
,” J. R. Stat. Soc. Ser. C
, 38
(1
), pp. 1
–50
.Copyright © 2014 by ASME
You do not currently have access to this content.