In this study, an analytical approach is used to find expressions for the closure time in freezing processes for spheres and cylindrical tubes. The starting point is the well-known two-phase Stefan problem. A new characteristic solution is established for extending the theory of constant heat flux ratio. Next, temperature profiles are assumed and substituted into the interface equation, which are then solved for the inward freezing process to get the closure time. Plots are generated to compare the new expressions to previously published experimental results of closure time. The new analytical approximations give reasonable outcomes as discussed in this paper. This paper demonstrates a general approach that can be further applied to different types of phase-change problems.

References

1.
Sahin
,
A. Z.
, and
Dincer
,
I.
,
2000
, “
Analytical Modelling of Transient Phase-Change Problems
,”
Int. J. Energy Res.
,
24
(
12
), pp.
1029
1039
.
2.
Dutil
,
Y.
,
Rousse
,
D. R.
,
Ben Salah
,
N.
,
Lassue
,
S.
, and
Zalewski
,
L.
,
2011
, “
A Review on Phase-Change Materials: Mathematical Modeling and Simulations
,”
Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev.
,
15
(
1
), pp.
112
130
.
3.
Riley
,
D. S.
,
Smith
,
F. T.
, and
Poots
,
G.
,
1974
, “
The Inward Solidification of Spheres and Circular Cylinders
,”
Int. J. Heat Mass Transf.
,
17
(
12
), pp.
1507
1516
.
4.
Dewynne
,
J. N.
, and
Hill
,
J. M.
,
1986
, “
Integral Formulations and Bounds for Two Phase Stefan Problems Initially Not at Their Fusion Temperature
,”
Acta Mech.
,
58
(
3–4
), pp.
201
228
.
5.
Lunardini
,
Virgil J.
,
1988
, “Problems in Spherical Geometry,”
Heat conduction with freezing or thawing
,
US Army Corps of Engineers
,
Hanover, New Hampshire
, pp.
250
266
.
6.
Lunardini
,
Virgil J.
,
1988
, “Cylindrical Problems with Outward Growth of Interface,”
Heat conduction with freezing or thawing
,
US Army Corps of Engineers
,
Hanover, New Hampshire
, pp.
187
249
.
7.
Ismail
,
K. A. R.
, and
Henríquez
,
J. R.
,
2000
, “
Solidification of PCM Inside a Spherical Capsule
,”
Energy Convers. Manag.
,
41
(
2
), pp.
173
187
.
8.
Zivkovic
,
B.
, and
Fujii
,
I.
,
2001
, “
Analysis of Isothermal Phase Change of Phase Change Material Within Rectangular and Cylindrical Containers
,”
Sol. Energy
,
70
(
1
), pp.
51
61
.
9.
Eames
,
I. W.
, and
Adref
,
K. T.
,
2002
, “
Freezing and Melting of Water in Spherical Enclosures of the Type Used in Thermal (Ice) Storage Systems
,”
Appl. Therm. Eng.
,
22
(
7
), pp.
733
745
.
10.
Ismail
,
K. A. R.
,
Henríquez
,
J. R.
, and
da Silva
,
T. M.
,
2003
, “
A Parametric Study on Ice Formation Inside a Spherical Capsule
,”
Int. J. Therm. Sci.
,
42
(
9
), pp.
881
887
.
11.
Lin
,
S.
, and
Jiang
,
Z.
,
2004
, “
An Analytical Model Based on the Theory of Constant Heat Flux Ratio Across the Frozen Layer for Solving Planar, Cylindrical and Spherical Freezing Problems
,”
J. Therm. Sci.
,
13
(
2
), pp.
155
162
.
12.
McCue
,
S. W.
,
Wu
,
B.
, and
Hill
,
J. M.
,
2008
, “
Classical Two-Phase Stefan Problem for Spheres
,”
Proc. R. Soc. A Math. Phys. Eng. Sci.
,
464
(
2096
), pp.
2055
2076
.
13.
Bilir
,
L.
, and
Ilken
,
Z.
,
2005
, “
Total Solidification Time of a Liquid Phase Change Material Enclosed in Cylindrical/Spherical Containers
,”
Appl. Therm. Eng.
,
25
, pp.
1488
1502
.
14.
Kalaiselvam
,
S.
,
Veerappan
,
M.
,
Arul Aaron
,
A.
, and
Iniyan
,
S.
,
2008
, “
Experimental and Analytical Investigation of Solidification and Melting Characteristics of PCMs Inside Cylindrical Encapsulation
,”
Int. J. Therm. Sci.
,
47
(
7
), pp.
858
874
.
15.
Veerappan
,
M.
,
Kalaiselvam
,
S.
,
Iniyan
,
S.
, and
Goic
,
R.
,
2009
, “
Phase Change Characteristic Study of Spherical PCMs in Solar Energy Storage
,”
Sol. Energy
,
83
(
8
), pp.
1245
1252
.
16.
Ismail
,
K. A. R.
, and
Moraes
,
R. I. R.
,
2009
, “
A Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Different Containers and PCM Options for Cold Storage Modular Units for Domestic Applications
,”
Int. J. Heat Mass Transf.
,
52
(
19–20
), pp.
4195
4202
.
17.
McDonald
,
A.
,
Bschaden
,
B.
,
Sullivan
,
E.
, and
Marsden
,
R.
,
2014
, “
Mathematical Simulation of the Freezing Time of Water in Small Diameter Pipes
,”
Appl. Therm. Eng.
,
73
(
1
), pp.
140
151
.
18.
Hahn
,
D. W.
, and
Necati Özisik
,
M.
,
2012
, “Heat Conduction: Third Edition,”
Heat Conduction
,
Wiley
,
New York
, pp.
452
495
.
You do not currently have access to this content.