In Memoriam: Professor Arthur E. Bergles (1935–2014), the Pioneering Advocate of Enhanced Heat Transfer and Energy Conservation

To accentuate the imperatives of tackling the multitude of engineering as well as socio-economic issues attendant to the energy–water nexus, he would often paraphrase the dilemma of the poet Samuel T. Coleridge,¹ “Energy and water everywhere, but not a drop … ….” The viability of heat transfer, and therefore enhancement or augmentation of heat transfer, in addressing the engineering challenges of this “energy crisis,” to use the popular idiom of the 1970s, was foremost on his mind, and he tirelessly advocated the need for conservation along with research and application of advanced enhancement techniques in all heat and mass transfer systems. Because of his own pioneering work, which was extensive and spanned the spectrum of very small (micro-/mini-scale heat sinks, compact exchangers, etc.) to very large (power boilers, steam condensers, refrigerant heat exchangers, etc.) thermal systems, the field of heat transfer enhancement grew rapidly [1] and came...